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Journal of Virology, May 2006, p. 4858-4867, Vol. 80, No. 10
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.10.4858-4867.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVagm.sab Infection of Caribbean African Green Monkeys: a New Model for the Study of SIV Pathogenesis in Natural Hosts

Ivona Pandrea,1* Cristian Apetrei,1 Jason Dufour,1 Nora Dillon,1 Joseph Barbercheck,1 Michael Metzger,1 Béatrice Jacquelin,2 Rudolf Bohm,1 Preston A. Marx,1 Françoise Barre-Sinoussi,2 Vanessa M. Hirsch,3 Michaela C. Müller-Trutwin,2 Andrew A. Lackner,1 and Ronald S. Veazey1

Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433; Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112,1 Unite de Régulation des Infections Rétrovirales, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France,2 and Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 208523

Received 16 December 2005/ Accepted 3 March 2006

Caribbean-born African green monkeys (AGMs) were classified as Chlorocebus sabaeus by cytochrome b sequencing. Guided by these phylogenetic analyses, we developed a new model for the study of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in natural hosts by inoculating Caribbean AGMs with their species-specific SIVagm.sab. SIVagm.sab replicated efficiently in Caribbean AGM peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. During SIVagm.sab primary infection of six Caribbean AGMs, the virus replicated at high levels, with peak viral loads (VLs) of 107 to 108 copies/ml occurring by day 8 to 10 postinfection (p.i.). Set-point values of up to 2 x 105 copies/ml were reached by day 42 p.i. and maintained throughout follow-up (through day 450 p.i.). CD4+ T-cell counts in the blood showed a transient depletion at the peak of VL, and then returned to near preinfection values by day 28 p.i. and remained relatively stable during the chronic infection. Preservation of CD4 T cells was also found in lymph nodes (LNs) of chronic SIVagm.sab-infected Caribbean AGMs. No activation of CD4+ T cells was detected in the periphery in SIV-infected Caribbean AGMs. These virological and immunological profiles from peripheral blood and LNs were identical to those previously reported in African-born AGMs infected with the same viral strain (SIVagm.sab92018). Due to these similarities, we conclude that Caribbean AGMs are a useful alternative to AGMs of African origin as a model for the study of SIV infection in natural African hosts.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA 70433. Phone: (985) 871-6408. Fax: (985) 871-6510. E-mail: ipandrea{at}tulane.edu.

Journal of Virology, May 2006, p. 4858-4867, Vol. 80, No. 10
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.10.4858-4867.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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