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Journal of Virology, January 2006, p. 514-525, Vol. 80, No. 1
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.1.514-525.2006

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Glycoprotein Precursor Is Cleaved by Furin-Like and SKI-1 Proteases To Generate a Novel 38-Kilodalton Glycoprotein

Angela J. Sanchez, Martin J. Vincent, Bobbie R. Erickson, and Stuart T. Nichol*

Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333

Received 24 August 2005/ Accepted 5 October 2005

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (genus Nairovirus, family Bunyaviridae) genome M segment encodes an unusually large (in comparison to members of other genera) polyprotein (1,684 amino acids in length) containing the two major structural glycoproteins, Gn and Gc, that are posttranslationally processed from precursors PreGn and PreGc by SKI-1 and SKI-1-like proteases, respectively. The characteristics of the N-terminal 519 amino acids located upstream of the mature Gn are unknown. A highly conserved furin/proprotein convertase (PC) cleavage site motif (RSKR247) is located between the variable N-terminal region that is predicted to have mucin-like properties and the rest of PreGn. Mutational analysis of the RSKR247 motif and use of a specific furin/PC inhibitor and brefeldin A demonstrate that furin/PC cleavage occurs at the RSKR247 motif of PreGn as the protein transits the trans Golgi network and generates a novel glycoprotein designated GP38. Immunoprecipitation analysis identified two additional proteins, GP85 and GP160, which contain both mucin and GP38 domain regions, and whose generation does not involve furin/PC cleavage. Consistent with glycosylation predictions, heavy O-linked glycosylation and moderate levels of N-glycans were detected in the GP85 and GP160 proteins, both of which contain the mucin domain. GP38, GP85, and GP160 are likely soluble proteins based on the lack of predicted transmembrane domains, their detection in virus-infected cell supernatants, and the apparent absence from virions. Analogy with soluble glycoproteins and mucin-like proteins encoded by other hemorrhagic fever-associated RNA viruses suggests these proteins could play an important role in viral pathogenesis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop G-14, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333. Phone: (404) 639-1115. Fax: (404) 639-1118. E-mail: stn1{at}cdc.gov.

Journal of Virology, January 2006, p. 514-525, Vol. 80, No. 1
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.1.514-525.2006




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