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Journal of Virology, March 2005, p. 3595-3605, Vol. 79, No. 6
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.6.3595-3605.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Influenza A Virus M2 Cytoplasmic Tail Is Required for Infectious Virus Production and Efficient Genome Packaging

Matthew F. McCown1 and Andrew Pekosz1,2*

Departments of Molecular Microbiology,1 Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri2

Received 24 June 2004/ Accepted 21 October 2004

The M2 integral membrane protein encoded by influenza A virus possesses an ion channel activity that is required for efficient virus entry into host cells. The role of the M2 protein cytoplasmic tail in virus replication was examined by generating influenza A viruses encoding M2 proteins with truncated C termini. Deletion of 28 amino acids (M2Stop70) resulted in a virus that produced fourfold-fewer particles but >1,000-fold-fewer infectious particles than wild-type virus. Expression of the full-length M2 protein in trans restored the replication of the M2 truncated virus. Although the M2Stop70 virus particles were similar to wild-type virus in morphology, the M2Stop70 virions contained reduced amounts of viral nucleoprotein and genomic RNA, indicating a defect in vRNP packaging. The data presented indicate the M2 cytoplasmic tail plays a role in infectious virus production by coordinating the efficient packaging of genome segments into influenza virus particles.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8230, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110-1093. Phone: (314) 747-2132. Fax: (314) 362-3203. E-mail: pekosz{at}borcim.wustl.edu.

Journal of Virology, March 2005, p. 3595-3605, Vol. 79, No. 6
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.6.3595-3605.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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