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Journal of Virology, March 2005, p. 3195-3199, Vol. 79, No. 5
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.5.3195-3199.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Interleukin 7 Increases Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 LAI-Mediated Fas-Induced T-Cell Death

Laboratoire Inserm U421, Faculté de Médecine Henri Mondor, Créteil,¹ INSERM EMI-U9922, Faculté Bichat-Claude Bernard,³ Unité Physiopathologie des Infections Lentivirales, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France²

Received 2 April 2004/ Accepted 18 October 2004

Fas-mediated T-cell death is known to occur during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In this study, we found that HIV type 1 LAI (HIV-1_LAI) primes CD8⁺ T cells from healthy donors for apoptosis, which occurs after Fas ligation. This effect is counteracted by a broad caspase inhibitor (zVAD-fmk). Fas-mediated cell death does not depend on CD8⁺ T-cell infection, because it occurred in the presence of reverse transcriptase inhibitors. However, purified CD8⁺ T cells are sensitive to Fas only in the presence of soluble CD4. Finally, we found that interleukin 7 (IL-7) increases Fas-mediated CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cell death induced by HIV-1_LAI. Since high levels of IL-7 are a marker of poor prognosis during HIV infection, our data suggest that enhancement of Fas-mediated T-cell death by HIV-1_LAI and IL-7 is one of the mechanisms involved in progression to AIDS.

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