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Journal of Virology, March 2005, p. 3052-3062, Vol. 79, No. 5
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.5.3052-3062.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Processing and Presentation of Exogenous HLA Class I Peptides by Dendritic Cells from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Persons

Departments of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology,¹ Pathology, Graduate School of Public Health and School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,³ University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma²

Received 7 August 2004/ Accepted 7 October 2004

Dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with viral peptides are a potential form of immunotherapy of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We show that DCs derived from blood monocytes of subjects with chronic HIV-1 infection on combination antiretroviral drug therapy have increases in expression of HLA, T-cell coreceptor, and T-cell activation molecules in response to the DC maturation factor CD40L comparable to those from uninfected persons. Mature DCs (mDCs) loaded with HLA A*0201-restricted viral peptides of the optimal length (9-mer) were more efficient at activating antiviral CD8⁺ T cells than were immature DCs or peptide alone. Optimal presentation of these exogenous peptides required uptake and vesicular trafficking and was comparable in DCs derived from HIV-1-infected and uninfected persons. Furthermore, DCs from HIV-1-infected and uninfected persons had similar capacities to process viral peptides with C-terminal and N-terminal extensions through their proteasomal and cytosolic pathways, respectively. We conclude that DCs derived from HIV-1-infected persons have similar abilities to process exogenous peptides for presentation to CD8⁺ T cells as those from uninfected persons. This conclusion supports the use of DCs loaded with synthetic peptides in immunotherapy of HIV-1 infection.

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