This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Hutoran, M.
Right arrow Articles by Kotler, M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Hutoran, M.
Right arrow Articles by Kotler, M.

Next Article 

Journal of Virology, February 2005, p. 1983-1991, Vol. 79, No. 4
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.4.1983-1991.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Description of an as Yet Unclassified DNA Virus from Diseased Cyprinus carpio Species

Marina Hutoran,1,{dagger} Ariel Ronen,1,{dagger} Ayana Perelberg,2 Maya Ilouze,1 Arnon Dishon,1 Izhak Bejerano,2 Nissim Chen,1 and Moshe Kotler1*

Department of Pathology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem,1 Central Fish Health Laboratory, Nir David, Israel2

Received 3 August 2004/ Accepted 19 October 2004

Numerous deaths of koi and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were observed on many farms throughout Israel, resulting in severe financial losses. The lethal viral disease observed is highly contagious and extremely virulent, but morbidity and mortality are restricted to koi and common carp populations. Diseased fish exhibit fatigue and gasping movements in shallow water. Infected fish had interstitial nephritis and gill necrosis as well as petechial hemorrhages in the liver and other symptoms that were not consistent with viral disease, suggesting a secondary infection. Here we report the isolation of carp nephritis and gill necrosis virus (CNGV), which is the etiologic agent of this disease. The virus propagates and induces severe cytopathic effects by 5 days postinfection in fresh koi or carp fin cell cultures (KFC and CFC, respectively), but not in epithelioma papillosum cyprini cells. The virus harvested from KFC cultures induced the same clinical signs, with a mortality of 75 to 95%, upon inoculation into naive koi and common carp. Using PCR, we provide final proof that the isolated virus is indeed the etiologic agent of food and ornamental carp mortalities in fish husbandry. Electron microscopy revealed viral cores with icosahedral morphology of 100 to 110 nm that resembled herpesviruses. Electron micrographs of purified pelleted CNGV sections, together with viral sensitivities to ether and Triton X-100, suggested that it is an enveloped virus. However, the genome of the isolated virus is a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecule of 270 to 290 kbp, which is larger than known herpesviruses. The viral DNA seems highly divergent and bears only small fragments (16 to 45 bp) that are similar to the genomes of several DNA viruses. Nevertheless, amino acid sequences encoded by CNGV DNA fragments bear similarities primarily to members of the Poxviridae and Herpesviridae and to other large dsDNA viruses. We suggest, therefore, that the etiologic agent of this disease may represent an as yet unclassified virus species that is endemic in C. carpio (carp).

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pathology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel. Phone: 972-2-6757300. Fax: 972-2-6758190. E-mail: mkotler{at}cc.huji.ac.il.

{dagger} M.H. and A.R. contributed equally to this study.

Journal of Virology, February 2005, p. 1983-1991, Vol. 79, No. 4
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.4.1983-1991.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Costes, B., Raj, V. S., Michel, B., Fournier, G., Thirion, M., Gillet, L., Mast, J., Lieffrig, F., Bremont, M., Vanderplasschen, A. (2009). The Major Portal of Entry of Koi Herpesvirus in Cyprinus carpio Is the Skin. J. Virol. 83: 2819-2830 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Costes, B., Fournier, G., Michel, B., Delforge, C., Raj, V. S., Dewals, B., Gillet, L., Drion, P., Body, A., Schynts, F., Lieffrig, F., Vanderplasschen, A. (2008). Cloning of the Koi Herpesvirus Genome as an Infectious Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Demonstrates That Disruption of the Thymidine Kinase Locus Induces Partial Attenuation in Cyprinus carpio koi. J. Virol. 82: 4955-4964 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rosenkranz, D., Klupp, B. G., Teifke, J. P., Granzow, H., Fichtner, D., Mettenleiter, T. C., Fuchs, W. (2008). Identification of envelope protein pORF81 of koi herpesvirus. J. Gen. Virol. 89: 896-900 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • El-Matbouli, M., Saleh, M., Soliman, H. (2007). Detection of cyprinid herpesvirus type 3 in goldfish cohabiting with CyHV-3-infected koi carp (Cyprinus carpio koi). Vet Rec. 161: 792-793 [Full Text]  
  • Aoki, T., Hirono, I., Kurokawa, K., Fukuda, H., Nahary, R., Eldar, A., Davison, A. J., Waltzek, T. B., Bercovier, H., Hedrick, R. P. (2007). Genome Sequences of Three Koi Herpesvirus Isolates Representing the Expanding Distribution of an Emerging Disease Threatening Koi and Common Carp Worldwide. J. Virol. 81: 5058-5065 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Dishon, A., Davidovich, M., Ilouze, M., Kotler, M. (2007). Persistence of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3 in Infected Cultured Carp Cells. J. Virol. 81: 4828-4836 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ilouze, M., Dishon, A., Kotler, M. (2006). Characterization of a Novel Virus Causing a Lethal Disease in Carp and Koi. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 70: 147-156 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Dishon, A., Perelberg, A., Bishara-Shieban, J., Ilouze, M., Davidovich, M., Werker, S., Kotler, M. (2005). Detection of Carp Interstitial Nephritis and Gill Necrosis Virus in Fish Droppings. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 7285-7291 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Waltzek, T. B., Kelley, G. O., Stone, D. M., Way, K., Hanson, L., Fukuda, H., Hirono, I., Aoki, T., Davison, A. J., Hedrick, R. P. (2005). Koi herpesvirus represents a third cyprinid herpesvirus (CyHV-3) in the family Herpesviridae. J. Gen. Virol. 86: 1659-1667 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»