This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Travers, S. A. A.
Right arrow Articles by McInerney, J. O.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Travers, S. A. A.
Right arrow Articles by McInerney, J. O.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, February 2005, p. 1836-1841, Vol. 79, No. 3
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1836-1841.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Evidence for Heterogeneous Selective Pressures in the Evolution of the env Gene in Different Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes

Simon A. A. Travers, Mary J. O'Connell, Grace P. McCormack, and James O. McInerney*

Biology Department, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland

Received 30 June 2004/ Accepted 10 September 2004

Recent studies have demonstrated the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes with various levels of fitness. Using heterogeneous maximum-likelihood models of adaptive evolution implemented in the PAML software package, with env sequences representing each HIV-1 group M subtype, we examined the various intersubtype selective pressures operating across the env gene. We found heterogeneity of evolutionary mechanisms between the different subtypes with a category of amino acid sites observed that had undergone positive selection for subtypes C, F1, and G, while these sites had undergone purifying selection in all other subtypes. Also, amino acid sites within subtypes A and K that had undergone purifying selection were observed, while these sites had undergone positive selection in all other subtypes. The presence of such sites indicates heterogeneity of selective pressures within HIV-1 group M subtype evolution that may account for the various levels of fitness of the subtypes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Bioinformatic and Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Biology Department, NUI Maynooth, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland. Phone: 353-1-708 3860. Fax: 353-1-708 3845. E-mail: james.o.mcinerney{at}may.ie.

Journal of Virology, February 2005, p. 1836-1841, Vol. 79, No. 3
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1836-1841.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Travers, S. A. A., Tully, D. C., McCormack, G. P., Fares, M. A. (2007). A Study of the Coevolutionary Patterns Operating within the env Gene of the HIV-1 Group M Subtypes. Mol Biol Evol 24: 2787-2801 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bazykin, G. A., Dushoff, J., Levin, S. A., Kondrashov, A. S. (2006). Bursts of nonsynonymous substitutions in HIV-1 evolution reveal instances of positive selection at conservative protein sites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 19396-19401 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fares, M. A., Travers, S. A. A. (2006). A Novel Method for Detecting Intramolecular Coevolution: Adding a Further Dimension to Selective Constraints Analyses. Genetics 173: 9-23 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Allen, T. M., Altfeld, M., Geer, S. C., Kalife, E. T., Moore, C., O'Sullivan, K. M., DeSouza, I., Feeney, M. E., Eldridge, R. L., Maier, E. L., Kaufmann, D. E., Lahaie, M. P., Reyor, L., Tanzi, G., Johnston, M. N., Brander, C., Draenert, R., Rockstroh, J. K., Jessen, H., Rosenberg, E. S., Mallal, S. A., Walker, B. D. (2005). Selective Escape from CD8+ T-Cell Responses Represents a Major Driving Force of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Sequence Diversity and Reveals Constraints on HIV-1 Evolution. J. Virol. 79: 13239-13249 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»