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Journal of Virology, October 2005, p. 13018-13027, Vol. 79, No. 20
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.20.13018-13027.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification of an RNA Silencing Suppressor from a Plant Double-Stranded RNA Virus

Peking-Yale Joint Center for Plant Molecular Genetics and Agrobiotechnology, National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China,¹ Department of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology and Plant Biotechnology Center, 207 Rightmire Hall, 1060 Carmack Road, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210²

Received 25 April 2005/ Accepted 26 July 2005

RNA silencing is a mechanism which higher plants and animals have evolved to defend against viral infection in addition to regulation of gene expression for growth and development. As a counterdefense, many plant and some animal viruses studied to date encode RNA silencing suppressors (RSS) that interfere with various steps of the silencing pathway. In this study, we report the first identification of an RSS from a plant double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus. Pns10, encoded by S10 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus (RDV), exhibited RSS activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein (GFP) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c carrying GFP. The other gene segments of the RDV genome did not have such a function. Pns10 suppressed local and systemic silencing induced by sense RNA but did not interfere with local and systemic silencing induced by dsRNA. Expression of Pns10 also increased the expression of ß-glucuronidase in transient assays and enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N. benthamiana. Collectively, our results establish Pns10 as an RSS encoded by a plant dsRNA virus and further suggest that Pns10 targets an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway.

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