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Journal of Virology, January 2005, p. 1333-1336, Vol. 79, No. 2
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.2.1333-1336.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Older Rhesus Macaque Infants Are More Susceptible to Oral Infection with Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus 89.6P than Neonates

Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS,¹ Department of Biostatistics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,³ Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School,² Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts,⁴ Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia⁵

Received 25 May 2004/ Accepted 3 September 2004

Earlier primate studies revealed that oral transmission of immunodeficiency viruses can occur at all ages [R. M. Ruprecht et al., J. Infect. Dis. 179(Suppl. 3):S408-S412, 1999]. Using a stock of pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency virus, SHIV89.6P, we compared the 50% animal infectious dose needed to achieve systemic infection after oral challenge in newborn and older infant or juvenile rhesus macaques. Unexpectedly, the older monkeys required a 150-fold-lower virus challenge dose than the neonates (P = 3.3 x 10^–5). In addition, at least 60,000 times more virus was needed to achieve systemic infection in neonates by the oral route than by the intravenous route (P < 1 x 10^–5). Thus, route of inoculation and age are important determinants of SHIV89.6P infectivity in rhesus macaques.

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