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Journal of Virology, September 2005, p. 12095-12099, Vol. 79, No. 18
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.18.12095-12099.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification and Characterization of Human Cytomegalovirus-Encoded MicroRNAs

Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97201,¹ Combimatrix Corporation, 6500 Harbour Heights Parkway, Mukilteo, Washington 98275,² Robert S. Dow Neurobiology Laboratories, Legacy Research, Portland, Oregon 97232,³ Center for Gene Research and Biotechnology and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331⁴

Received 29 April 2005/ Accepted 20 June 2005

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an extensive class of noncoding genes that regulate gene expression through posttranscriptional repression. Given the potential for large viral genomes to encode these transcripts, we examined the human cytomegalovirus AD169 genome for miRNAs using a bioinformatics approach. We identified 406 potential stem-loops, of which 110 were conserved between chimpanzee cytomegalovirus and several strains of human cytomegalovirus. Of these conserved stem-loops, 13 exhibited a significant score using the MiRscan algorithm. Examination of total RNA from human cytomegalovirus-infected cells demonstrated that 5 of the 13 predicted miRNAs were expressed during infection. These studies demonstrate that human cytomegalovirus encodes multiple conserved miRNAs and suggest that human cytomegalovirus may utilize an miRNA strategy to regulate cellular and viral gene function.

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