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Journal of Virology, September 2005, p. 11513-11516, Vol. 79, No. 17
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.17.11513-11516.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

APOBEC3G/CEM15 (hA3G) mRNA Levels Associate Inversely with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Viremia

Xia Jin,1* Andy Brooks,2 Huiyuan Chen,1 Ryan Bennett,3 Richard Reichman,1 and Harold Smith3*

Departments of Medicine,1 Biochemistry and Biophysics,3 Functional Genomic Center, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York 146422

Received 4 February 2005/ Accepted 25 May 2005

APOBEC3G/CEM15 (hA3G) is a novel host factor that confers resistance to lentiviral infection under experimental conditions. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1, however, produces viral infectivity factor (Vif) that targets hA3G for proteolysis, thereby escaping this defense system. To examine hA3G's contribution to the protection against HIV disease progression in humans, we quantified hA3G mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 6 HIV-uninfected and 25 HIV-infected subjects; the latter group included 8 long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) and 17 progressors. None of the HIV-infected subjects were receiving antiretroviral therapy. We found a striking inverse correlation between hA3G mRNA levels and HIV viral loads (P ≤ 0.00009) and a highly significant positive correlation between hA3G mRNA levels and CD4 cell counts (P ≤ 0.00012) in these patients. Furthermore, we discovered that the order of hA3G mRNA levels is LTNPs > HIV-uninfected subjects > progressors.

* Corresponding author. Present address for Xia Jin: University of Rochester Medical Center, Infectious Disease Unit, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 689, Rochester, NY 14682. Phone: (585) 275-5871. Fax: (585) 442-9328. E-mail: Xia_Jin{at}urmc.rochester.edu. Mailing address for Harold Smith: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 712, Rochester, NY 14642. Phone: (585) 275-4267. Fax: (585) 275-6007. E-mail: harold.smith{at}rochester.edu.

Journal of Virology, September 2005, p. 11513-11516, Vol. 79, No. 17
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.17.11513-11516.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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