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Journal of Virology, September 2005, p. 11205-11213, Vol. 79, No. 17
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.17.11205-11213.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Glycosylation, Disulfide Bond Formation, and the Presence of a WSXWS-Like Motif in the Orf Virus GIF Protein Are Critical for Maintaining the Integrity of Binding to Ovine Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Interleukin-2

C. J. McInnes,* D. Deane, D. Haig, A. Percival, J. Thomson, and A. R. Wood

Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, Scotland, United Kingdom

Received 15 November 2004/ Accepted 2 June 2005

Orf virus (ORFV), the type species of the family Parapoxviridae, encodes a protein (GIF) that binds and inhibits the ovine cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). There is no obvious sequence homology between the ORFV protein and any known mammalian GM-CSF- or IL-2-binding proteins. We demonstrate here that many of the biochemical properties of mammalian GM-CSF receptors that are required for efficient binding of GM-CSF are also critical to the GIF protein for binding to ovine GM-CSF (ovGM-CSF). Site-directed mutagenesis of the GIF protein demonstrated, first, the importance of disulfide bonds, and second, that a sequence motif (WDPWV), related to the WSXWS motif of the type 1 cytokine receptor superfamily, was necessary for biological activity. Finally, glycosylation of the GIF protein was also critical for binding to GM-CSF.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, Scotland, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 (0) 131 445 6130. Fax: 44 (0)131 445 6111. E-mail: mcinc{at}mri.sari.ac.uk.

Journal of Virology, September 2005, p. 11205-11213, Vol. 79, No. 17
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.17.11205-11213.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Deane, D., Ueda, N., Wise, L. M., Wood, A. R., Percival, A., Jepson, C., Inglis, N. F., Fleming, S. B., Mercer, A. A., McInnes, C. J. (2009). Conservation and variation of the parapoxvirus GM-CSF-inhibitory factor (GIF) proteins. J. Gen. Virol. 90: 970-977 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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