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Journal of Virology, September 2005, p. 11115-11127, Vol. 79, No. 17
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.17.11115-11127.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Impact of 2-Bromo-5,6-Dichloro-1-ß-D-Ribofuranosyl Benzimidazole Riboside and Inhibitors of DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis on Human Cytomegalovirus Genome Maturation

Michael A. McVoy1* and Daniel E. Nixon2

Departments of Pediatrics,1 Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 1101 E. Marshall Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298-01632

Received 25 March 2005/ Accepted 8 June 2005

Herpesvirus genome maturation is a complex process in which concatemeric DNA molecules are translocated into capsids and cleaved at specific sequences to produce encapsidated-unit genomes. Bacteriophage studies further suggest that important ancillary processes, such as RNA transcription and DNA synthesis, concerned with repeat duplication, recombination, branch resolution, or damage repair may also be involved with the genome maturation process. To gain insight into the biochemical activities needed for herpesvirus genome maturation, 2-bromo-5,6-dichloro-1-ß-D-ribofuranosyl benzimidazole riboside (BDCRB) was used to allow the accumulation of human cytomegalovirus concatemeric DNA while the formation of new genomes was being blocked. Genome formation was restored upon BDCRB removal, and addition of various inhibitors during this time window permitted evaluation of their effects on genome maturation. Inhibitors of protein synthesis, RNA transcription, and the viral DNA polymerase only modestly reduced genome formation, demonstrating that these activities are not required for genome maturation. In contrast, drugs that inhibit both viral and host DNA polymerases potently blocked genome formation. Radioisotope incorporation in the presence of a viral DNA polymerase inhibitor further suggested that significant host-mediated DNA synthesis occurs throughout the viral genome. These results indicate a role for host DNA polymerases in genome maturation and are consistent with a need for terminal repeat duplication, debranching, or damage repair concomitant with DNA packaging or cleavage. Similarities to previously reported effects of BDCRB on guinea pig cytomegalovirus were also noted; however, BDCRB induced low-level formation of a supergenomic species called monomer+ DNA that is unique to human cytomegalovirus. Analysis of monomer+ DNA suggested a model for its formation in which BDCRB permits limited packaging of concatemeric DNA but induces skipping of cleavage sites.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 980163, Richmond, VA 23298-0163. Phone: (804) 828-0132. Fax: (804) 828-6455. E-mail: mmcvoy{at}hsc.vcu.edu.

Journal of Virology, September 2005, p. 11115-11127, Vol. 79, No. 17
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.17.11115-11127.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Wang, J. B., Nixon, D. E., McVoy, M. A. (2008). Definition of the Minimal cis-Acting Sequences Necessary for Genome Maturation of the Herpesvirus Murine Cytomegalovirus. J. Virol. 82: 2394-2404 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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