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Journal of Virology, August 2005, p. 10830-10834, Vol. 79, No. 16
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10830-10834.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Increased Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) env Compartmentalization in the Presence of HIV-1-Associated Dementia

Kimberly Ritola,1,2 Kevin Robertson,3,6 Susan A. Fiscus,1,4 Colin Hall,3,6 and Ronald Swanstrom1,4,5*

UNC Center for AIDS Research,1 Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology,2 Departments of Medicine,3 Microbiology and Immunology,4 Biochemistry and Biophysics,5 Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina6

Received 29 January 2005/ Accepted 26 April 2005

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) surface Env protein has been implicated in the development of HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). HIV-1 env diversity was analyzed by heteroduplex tracking assay in 27 infected subjects with various neurological statuses. env compartmentalization between the blood and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) was apparent with all neurological categories. However, in subjects with HAD, significantly more CSF virus was represented by CNS-unique env variants. Variants specialized for replication in the CNS may play a larger role in the development of HAD. Alternatively, HAD may be associated with a more pronounced state of immunosuppression that permits more extensive replication and independent evolution within the CNS compartment.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, UNC Center for AIDS Research, Lineberger Building, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295. Phone: (919) 966-5710. Fax: (919) 966-8212. E-mail: risunc{at}med.unc.edu.

Journal of Virology, August 2005, p. 10830-10834, Vol. 79, No. 16
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10830-10834.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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