This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Isomura, H. Articles by Tsurumi, T. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Isomura, H. Articles by Tsurumi, T.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, August 2005, p. 9597-9607, Vol. 79, No. 15
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.15.9597-9607.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Two Sp1/Sp3 Binding Sites in the Major Immediate-Early Proximal Enhancer of Human Cytomegalovirus Have a Significant Role in Viral Replication

Division of Virology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1, Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan,¹ Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa, City, Iowa 52242²

Received 22 January 2005/ Accepted 6 April 2005

We previously demonstrated that the major immediate early (MIE) proximal enhancer containing one GC box and the TATA box containing promoter are minimal elements required for transcription and viral replication in human fibroblast cells (H. Isomura, T. Tsurumi, M. F. Stinski, J. Virol. 78:12788-12799, 2004). After infection, the level of Sp1 increased while Sp3 remained constant. Here we report that either Sp1 or Sp3 transcription factors bind to the GC boxes located at approximately positions –55 and –75 relative to the transcription start site (+1). Both the Sp1 and Sp3 binding sites have a positive and synergistic effect on the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) major immediate-early (MIE) promoter. There was little to no change in MIE transcription or viral replication for recombinant viruses with one or the other Sp1 or Sp3 binding site mutated. In contrast, mutation of both the Sp1 and Sp3 binding sites caused inefficient MIE transcription and viral replication. These data indicate that the Sp1 and Sp3 binding sites have a significant role in HCMV replication in human fibroblast cells.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Isomura, H., Stinski, M. F., Kudoh, A., Murata, T., Nakayama, S., Sato, Y., Iwahori, S., Tsurumi, T. (2008). Noncanonical TATA Sequence in the UL44 Late Promoter of Human Cytomegalovirus Is Required for the Accumulation of Late Viral Transcripts. J. Virol. 82: 1638-1646 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Isomura, H., Stinski, M. F., Kudoh, A., Nakayama, S., Murata, T., Sato, Y., Iwahori, S., Tsurumi, T. (2008). A cis Element between the TATA Box and the Transcription Start Site of the Major Immediate-Early Promoter of Human Cytomegalovirus Determines Efficiency of Viral Replication. J. Virol. 82: 849-858 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Iwahori, S., Shirata, N., Kawaguchi, Y., Weller, S. K., Sato, Y., Kudoh, A., Nakayama, S., Isomura, H., Tsurumi, T. (2007). Enhanced Phosphorylation of Transcription Factor Sp1 in Response to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection Is Dependent on the Ataxia Telangiectasia-Mutated Protein. J. Virol. 81: 9653-9664 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Keller, M. J., Wu, A. W., Andrews, J. I., McGonagill, P. W., Tibesar, E. E., Meier, J. L. (2007). Reversal of Human Cytomegalovirus Major Immediate-Early Enhancer/Promoter Silencing in Quiescently Infected Cells via the Cyclic AMP Signaling Pathway. J. Virol. 81: 6669-6681 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Isomura, H., Stinski, M. F., Kudoh, A., Nakayama, S., Iwahori, S., Sato, Y., Tsurumi, T. (2007). The Late Promoter of the Human Cytomegalovirus Viral DNA Polymerase Processivity Factor Has an Impact on Delayed Early and Late Viral Gene Products but Not on Viral DNA Synthesis. J. Virol. 81: 6197-6206 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Petrik, D. T., Schmitt, K. P., Stinski, M. F. (2007). The Autoregulatory and Transactivating Functions of the Human Cytomegalovirus IE86 Protein Use Independent Mechanisms for Promoter Binding. J. Virol. 81: 5807-5818 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Petrik, D. T., Schmitt, K. P., Stinski, M. F. (2006). Inhibition of Cellular DNA Synthesis by the Human Cytomegalovirus IE86 Protein Is Necessary for Efficient Virus Replication.. J. Virol. 80: 3872-3883 [Abstract] [Full Text]