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Journal of Virology, July 2005, p. 9301-9305, Vol. 79, No. 14
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.14.9301-9305.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Cloning and Identification of a MicroRNA Cluster within the Latency-Associated Region of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus

Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and UF Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610

Received 15 February 2005/ Accepted 16 March 2005

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding regulatory RNA molecules that bind to 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNAs to either prevent their translation or induce their degradation. Previously identified in a variety of organisms ranging from plants to mammals, miRNAs are also now known to be produced by viruses. The human gammaherpesvirus Epstein-Barr virus has been shown to encode miRNAs, which potentially regulate both viral and cellular genes. To determine whether Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) encodes miRNAs, we cloned small RNAs from KSHV-positive primary effusion lymphoma-derived cells and endothelial cells. Sequence analysis revealed 11 isolated RNAs of 19 to 23 bases in length that perfectly align with KSHV. Surprisingly, all candidate miRNAs mapped to a single genomic locale within the latency-associated region of KSHV. These data suggest that viral and host cellular gene expression may be regulated by miRNAs during both latent and lytic KSHV replication.

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