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Journal of Virology, June 2005, p. 6900-6908, Vol. 79, No. 11
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.11.6900-6908.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Dynamics of Viral RNA Synthesis during Measles Virus Infection

Immunité & Infections Virales, CNRS-University of Lyon 1 UMR 5537, IFR Laennec, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France,¹ School of Biology and Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 7BL, United Kingdom²

Received 20 October 2004/ Accepted 19 January 2005

We propose a reference model of the kinetics of a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (vRdRp) activities and its regulation during infection of eucaryotic cells. After measles virus infects a cell, mRNAs from all genes immediately start to accumulate linearly over the first 5 to 6 h and then exponentially until 24 h. The change from a linear to an exponential accumulation correlates with de novo synthesis of vRdRp from the incoming template. Expression of the virus nucleoprotein (N) prior to infection shifts the balance in favor of replication. Conversely, inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide favors the latter. The in vivo elongation speed of the viral polymerase is 3 nucleotides/s. A similar profile with fivefold-slower kinetics can be obtained using a recombinant virus expressing a structurally altered polymerase. Finally, virions contain only encapsidated genomic, antigenomic, and 5'-end abortive replication fragment RNAs.

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