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Journal of Virology, May 2005, p. 6249-6259, Vol. 79, No. 10
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.10.6249-6259.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Impact of Viral Factors on Very Early In Vivo Replication Profiles in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVagm-Infected African Green Monkeys

Ivona Pandrea,1* Christopher Kornfeld,2 Mickael J.-Y. Ploquin,2 Cristian Apetrei,1,# Abdourahmane Faye,3 Pierre Rouquet,1 Pierre Roques,1 François Simon,1 Françoise Barré-Sinoussi,2 Michaela C. Müller-Trutwin,2* and Ousmane M. Diop3

Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre International de Recherches Médicales, Franceville, Gabon,1 Unité de Biologie des Rétrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France,2 Laboratoire de Rétrovirologie, Institut Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal3

Received 11 November 2004/ Accepted 10 January 2005

To better understand which factors govern the levels of viral loads in early lentiviral infections of primates, we developed a model that allows distinguishing between the influences of host and viral factors on viremia. Herein we report that two species of African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus and C. pygerythrus) infected with their respective wild-type simian immunodeficiency virus SIVagm viruses (SIVagm.sab92018 and SIVagm.ver644) consistently showed reproducible differences in viremia during primary infection but not at later stages of infection. Cross-infections of SIVagm.sab92018 and SIVagm.ver644 into, respectively, C. pygerythrus and C. sabaeus revealed that the dynamics of viral replication during primary infection were dependent on the viral strain used for the infection but not on the host. Hence, the kinetics of SIVagm.sab92018 and SIVagm.ver644 were similar in both sabaeus and vervet animals, indicating that the difference in viremia levels between the two groups during the early phase of infection was not associated with the host. Coreceptor usage for these two strains showed a larger coreceptor repertoire for SIVagm.sab92018, which is able to efficiently use CXCR4 in addition to CCR5, than for SIVagm.ver644, which showed a classical CCR5 coreceptor usage pattern. These differences could not be explained by different charges of the V3 loop for SIVagm.sab92018 and for SIVagm.ver644. In conclusion, our study showed that the extent of virus replication during the primary infection is primarily dependent on viral determinants.

* Corresponding author. Present address for Ivona Pandrea: Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA 70433. Phone: (985) 871-6408. Fax: (985) 871-6510. E-mail: ivona{at}tpc.tulane.edu.

# Present address: Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA 70433.

Journal of Virology, May 2005, p. 6249-6259, Vol. 79, No. 10
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.10.6249-6259.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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