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Journal of Virology, May 2004, p. 4866-4875, Vol. 78, No. 9
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.9.4866-4875.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Roles of Target Cells and Virus-Specific Cellular Immunity in Primary Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Roland R. Regoes,1* Rustom Antia,1 David A. Garber,2 Guido Silvestri,2 Mark B. Feinberg,2 and Silvija I. Staprans2

Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322,1 Departments of Medicine and of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine and the Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, Georgia 303292

Received 17 July 2003/ Accepted 9 December 2003

There is an ongoing debate on whether acute human immunodeficiency virus infection is controlled by target cell limitation or by virus-specific cellular immunity. To resolve this question, we developed a novel mathematical modeling scheme which allows us to incorporate measurements of virus load, target cells, and virus-specific immunity and applied it to a comprehensive data set generated in an experiment involving rhesus macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus. Half of the macaques studied were treated during the primary infection period with reagents which block T-cell costimulation and as a result displayed severely impaired virus-specific immune responses. Our results show that early viral replication in normal infection is controlled to a large extent by virus-specific CD8+ T cells and not by target cell limitation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30322. Phone: (404) 727-1765. Fax: (404) 727-2880. E-mail: rregoes{at}emory.edu.

Journal of Virology, May 2004, p. 4866-4875, Vol. 78, No. 9
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.9.4866-4875.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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