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Journal of Virology, April 2004, p. 4352-4356, Vol. 78, No. 8
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.8.4352-4356.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

High Variety of Different Simian T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Strains in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) of the Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire

Division of Retrovirology, Robert Koch Institute, D-13353 Berlin,¹ Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig,² Institute for Parasitology and International Animal Health, Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany,³ Ebola Taï Forest Project, World Health Organization, Abidjan,⁴ Lanada/Lcpa, Bingerville, Côte d'Ivoire,⁵ University of Montpellier 1, 34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France⁶

Received 4 August 2003/ Accepted 22 December 2003

We found human T-cell leukemia virus type 1- and simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1)-related infections in 5 of 10 chimpanzees originating from three groups of wild chimpanzees. The new virus isolates showed a surprising heterogeneity not only in comparison to STLV-1 described previously in other primate species but also between the different chimpanzee groups, within a group, or even between strains isolated from an individual animal. The interdisciplinary combination of virology, molecular epidemiology, and long-term behavioral studies suggests that the primary route of infection might be interspecies transmission from other primates, such as red colobus monkeys, that are hunted and consumed by chimpanzees.

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