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Journal of Virology, March 2004, p. 2674-2681, Vol. 78, No. 6
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.6.2674-2681.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Binding to Decay-Accelerating Factor Is Not Required for Infection of Human Leukocyte Cell Lines by Enterovirus 70

Alain Haddad, M. Reza Nokhbeh, David A. Alexander, Sandra J. Dawe, Christine Grisé, Naveed Gulzar, and Kenneth Dimock*

Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5

Received 9 July 2003/ Accepted 25 November 2003

Enterovirus 70 (EV70) is one of several human enteroviruses that exhibit a propensity for infecting the central nervous system (CNS). The mechanisms by which neurotropic enteroviruses gain access to and invade the CNS are poorly understood. One possibility is that circulating leukocytes become infected and carry neurotropic enteroviruses to the CNS. We examined the ability of EV70 to infect cell lines derived from lymphoid, myeloid, and monocytic lineages. Most leukocyte cell lines tested bound radiolabeled EV70 and were permissive for EV70 replication, suggesting that EV70, in contrast to other enteroviruses, has an in vitro tropism that includes lymphoid, monocytic, and myeloid cell lines. For some of the cell lines, virus binding and infection correlated with surface expression of decay-accelerating factor (DAF), an attachment protein for EV70 on HeLa cells. However, EV70 also adsorbed to and infected cell lines that expressed little or no DAF. In contrast to what was observed for HeLa cells, neither DAF-specific monoclonal antibodies nor phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C treatment inhibited EV70 binding to permissive leukocyte cell lines, and antibody blockade of DAF had little or no effect on EV70 replication. We also found that neither the human coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor nor intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1, which mediate the entry of coxsackie B viruses and coxsackievirus A21, respectively, functions as a receptor for EV70. EV70 binding to all cell lines was sensitive to sialidase treatment and to inhibition of O glycosylation by benzyl N-acetyl-{alpha}-D-galactosaminide. Taken together, these results suggest that a sialylated molecule(s) other than DAF serves as a receptor for EV70 on permissive human leukocyte cell lines.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5. Phone: (613) 562-5800, ext. 8311. Fax: (613) 562-5452. E-mail: kdimock{at}uottawa.ca.

Journal of Virology, March 2004, p. 2674-2681, Vol. 78, No. 6
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.6.2674-2681.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Kim, M. S., Racaniello, V. R. (2007). Enterovirus 70 Receptor Utilization Is Controlled by Capsid Residues That Also Regulate Host Range and Cytopathogenicity. J. Virol. 81: 8648-8655 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Smura, T. P., Junttila, N., Blomqvist, S., Norder, H., Kaijalainen, S., Paananen, A., Magnius, L. O., Hovi, T., Roivainen, M. (2007). Enterovirus 94, a proposed new serotype in human enterovirus species D. J. Gen. Virol. 88: 849-858 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nokhbeh, M. R., Hazra, S., Alexander, D. A., Khan, A., McAllister, M., Suuronen, E. J., Griffith, M., Dimock, K. (2005). Enterovirus 70 Binds to Different Glycoconjugates Containing {alpha}2,3-Linked Sialic Acid on Different Cell Lines. J. Virol. 79: 7087-7094 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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