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Journal of Virology, February 2004, p. 2088-2099, Vol. 78, No. 4
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.4.2088-2099.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Mutant PrPSc Conformers Induced by a Synthetic Peptide and Several Prion Strains

Patrick Tremblay ,1,2,{dagger},{ddagger} Haydn L. Ball,1,2,{dagger},§ Kiyotoshi Kaneko,1,|| Darlene Groth,1 Ramanujan S. Hegde,3,# Fred E. Cohen,1,4,5 Stephen J. DeArmond,1,3 Stanley B. Prusiner,1,2,5* and Jiri G. Safar1,2

Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases,1 Departments of Neurology,2 Biochemistry and Biophysics,3 Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology,4 Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California 941435

Received 6 August 2003/ Accepted 15 October 2003

Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) disease is a dominantly inherited, human prion disease caused by a mutation in the prion protein (PrP) gene. One mutation causing GSS is P102L, denoted P101L in mouse PrP (MoPrP). In a line of transgenic mice denoted Tg2866, the P101L mutation in MoPrP produced neurodegeneration when expressed at high levels. MoPrPSc(P101L) was detected both by the conformation-dependent immunoassay and after protease digestion at 4°C. Transmission of prions from the brains of Tg2866 mice to those of Tg196 mice expressing low levels of MoPrP(P101L) was accompanied by accumulation of protease-resistant MoPrPSc(P101L) that had previously escaped detection due to its low concentration. This conformer exhibited characteristics similar to those found in brain tissue from GSS patients. Earlier, we demonstrated that a synthetic peptide harboring the P101L mutation and folded into a ß-rich conformation initiates GSS in Tg196 mice (29). Here we report that this peptide-induced disease can be serially passaged in Tg196 mice and that the PrP conformers accompanying disease progression are conformationally indistinguishable from MoPrPSc(P101L) found in Tg2866 mice developing spontaneous prion disease. In contrast to GSS prions, the 301V, RML, and 139A prion strains produced large amounts of protease-resistant PrPSc in the brains of Tg196 mice. Our results argue that MoPrPSc(P101L) may exist in at least several different conformations, each of which is biologically active. Such conformations occurred spontaneously in Tg2866 mice expressing high levels of MoPrPC(P101L) as well as in Tg196 mice expressing low levels of MoPrPC(P101L) that were inoculated with brain extracts from ill Tg2866 mice, with a synthetic peptide with the P101L mutation and folded into a ß-rich structure, or with prions recovered from sheep with scrapie or cattle with bovine spongiform encephalopathy.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, Box 0518, San Francisco, CA 94143-0518. Phone: (415) 476-4482. Fax: (415) 476-8386. E-mail: stanley{at}itsa.ucsf.edu.

{dagger} These authors contributed equally to this work.

{ddagger} Present address: Neurochem Inc., St. Laurent, QC H4S 2A1, Canada.

§ Present address: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390.

|| Present address: National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.

# Present address: National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.

Journal of Virology, February 2004, p. 2088-2099, Vol. 78, No. 4
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.4.2088-2099.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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