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Journal of Virology, February 2004, p. 1421-1430, Vol. 78, No. 3
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.3.1421-1430.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics,1 Medicine,2 Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202,4 Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 479073
Received 8 July 2003/ Accepted 9 October 2003
Ross River virus (RRV) and Semliki Forest virus (SFV) are two alphaviruses that have a high degree of amino acid homology, as well as a very broad host range. We show here that envelope glycoproteins derived from both viruses can pseudotype human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-derived lentivirus vectors. Both RRV and SFV glycoproteins considerably expand the host range of the lentivirus vector, and vectors can be efficiently concentrated by ultracentrifugation. A systematic analysis comparing the alphaviral glycoproteins to the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) revealed that lentivirus vectors incorporate RRV glycoproteins with an efficiency comparable to that of VSV-G. Both pseudotypes have comparable physical titers, but infectious titers with the RRV pseudotype are lower than with VSV-G. Incorporation of SFV glycoproteins into lentivirus vector is less efficient, leading to decreased physical and infectious titers. The transduction rates with VSV-G-, RRV-, and SFV-pseudotyped lentivirus vectors into adherent cell lines can be significantly increased by using a combination of Polybrene and plates coated with CH-296 recombinant fibronectin fragments. Together, our data suggest that RRV and SFV glycoproteins might be suitable as alternatives to VSV-G for pseudotyping lentivirus vectors.
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