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Journal of Virology, December 2004, p. 13381-13390, Vol. 78, No. 23
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.23.13381-13390.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Raf-Induced Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Augments Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection

Khalief E. Hamden,1 Patrick W. Ford,1 Audy G. Whitman,1 Ossie F. Dyson,2 Shi-Yuan Cheng,3 James A. McCubrey,1 and Shaw M. Akula1*

Department of Microbiology & Immunology,1 Department of Pathology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina,2 Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania3

Received 25 May 2004/ Accepted 27 July 2004

Recombinant green fluorescent protein encoding Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (rKSHV.152) infection of ß-estradiol stimulated human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) or HFF/{Delta}B-Raf[FF]:ER (expressing a weaker form of B-Raf) could be enhanced to levels comparable to that of HFF/{Delta}B-Raf[DD]:ER cells by pretreating cells with soluble vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Conversely, VEGF expression and infection efficiency typically observed in ß-estradiol stimulated HFF/{Delta}B-Raf[DD]:ER cells could be lowered significantly by treating with VEGF small interfering RNA. In addition, we observed enhancement of the KSHV infection in HFF cells transfected with human VEGF121. These results confirm the ability of Raf-induced VEGF to augment KSHV infection of cells.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834. Phone: (252) 744-2702. Fax: (252) 744-3104. E-mail: akulas{at}mail.ecu.edu.

Journal of Virology, December 2004, p. 13381-13390, Vol. 78, No. 23
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.23.13381-13390.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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