This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Moriuchi, M. Articles by Moriuchi, H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Moriuchi, M. Articles by Moriuchi, H.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, December 2004, p. 13046-13052, Vol. 78, No. 23
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.23.13046-13052.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Cell-Type-Dependent Effect of Transforming Growth Factor ß, a Major Cytokine in Breast Milk, on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Mammary Epithelial MCF-7 Cells or Macrophages

Division of Medical Virology, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,¹ Department of Pediatrics, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan²

Received 9 May 2004/ Accepted 6 July 2004

Breastfeeding plays a substantial role in mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Mammary epithelial cells, as well as macrophages and lymphocytes, are thought to serve as sources of the virus in breast milk. Soluble factors in breast milk exert various biological functions, including immune tolerance or immune modulation, and may influence milk-borne infection with HIV-1. In this study we show that transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß), a major cytokine in breast milk, inhibited HIV-1 infection of mammary epithelial MCF-7 cells but enhanced that of macrophages. TGF-ß downregulated the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter in MCF-7 cells but upregulated it in macrophages. Stimulation with TGF-ß suppressed NF-B binding to the HIV-1 LTR in MCF-7 cells, at least in part by downregulating induced IB kinase expression. Cell type-dependent effects of TGF-ß on HIV-1 expression may play a role in milk-borne infection with HIV-1.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Hryniewicz, A., Price, D. A., Moniuszko, M., Boasso, A., Edghill-Spano, Y., West, S. M., Venzon, D., Vaccari, M., Tsai, W.-P., Tryniszewska, E., Nacsa, J., Villinger, F., Ansari, A. A., Trindade, C. J., Morre, M., Brooks, D., Arlen, P., Brown, H. J., Kitchen, C. M. R., Zack, J. A., Douek, D. C., Shearer, G. M., Lewis, M. G., Koup, R. A., Franchini, G. (2007). Interleukin-15 but Not Interleukin-7 Abrogates Vaccine-Induced Decrease in Virus Level in Simian Immunodeficiency Virusmac251-Infected Macaques. J. Immunol. 178: 3492-3504 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• de Oliveira-Marques, V., Cyrne, L., Marinho, H. S., Antunes, F. (2007). A Quantitative Study of NF-{kappa}B Activation by H2O2: Relevance in Inflammation and Synergy with TNF-{alpha}. J. Immunol. 178: 3893-3902 [Abstract] [Full Text]