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Journal of Virology, November 2004, p. 12672-12676, Vol. 78, No. 22
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.22.12672-12676.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Immunization with Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara-Based Recombinant Vaccine against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Is Associated with Enhanced Hepatitis in Ferrets

Hana Weingartl,^1,2, Markus Czub,^2,3, Stefanie Czub,^1,2 James Neufeld,¹ Peter Marszal,¹ Jason Gren,¹ Greg Smith,¹ Shane Jones,³ Roxanne Proulx,³ Yvonne Deschambault,³ Elsie Grudeski,³ Anton Andonov,^2,3 Runtao He,^2,3 Yan Li,^2,3 John Copps,¹ Allen Grolla,³ Daryl Dick,³ Jody Berry,^1,2 Shelley Ganske,¹ Lisa Manning,¹ and Jingxin Cao^2,3*

National Centre for Foreign Animal Diseases,¹ National Microbiology Laboratory, Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3R2,³ Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2²

Received 29 April 2004/ Accepted 29 July 2004

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by a newly identified coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is a serious emerging human infectious disease. In this report, we immunized ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) with recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (rMVA) expressing the SARS-CoV spike (S) protein. Immunized ferrets developed a more rapid and vigorous neutralizing antibody response than control animals after challenge with SARS-CoV; however, they also exhibited strong inflammatory responses in liver tissue. Inflammation in control animals exposed to SARS-CoV was relatively mild. Thus, our data suggest that vaccination with rMVA expressing SARS-CoV S protein is associated with enhanced hepatitis.

H.W. and M.C. contributed equally to this work.

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