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Journal of Virology, November 2004, p. 12054-12057, Vol. 78, No. 21
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.21.12054-12057.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Ability of Chloroquine To Prevent Tat-Induced Cytokine Secretion by Monocytes Is Implicated in Its In Vivo Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Activity

Fabienne Rayne, Agnès Vendeville,{dagger} Anne Bonhoure, and Bruno Beaumelle*

UMR 5539 CNRS, Département Biologie-Santé, Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France

Received 15 March 2004/ Accepted 28 June 2004

Hydroxychloroquine at 1 µM reduces the load of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in patients, whereas chloroquine (CQ) concentrations above 3 µM are required for inhibition of HIV-1 replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Exogenous HIV-1 Tat reaches the cytosol of T cells by using low endosomal pH, and endosome neutralization by CQ prevents Tat from entering and affecting T cells. We show here that 0.6 µM CQ inhibits cytokine secretion induced by Tat in monocytes without affecting lipopolysaccharide-triggered cytokine release. This finding suggests that the in vivo anti-HIV-1 effect of CQ results not from a direct effect on the infected cell but rather from the capacity of CQ to prevent Tat from perturbing the cytokine balance.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: UMR5539 CNRS, Département Biologie-Santé, Case 107, Université Montpellier II, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France. Phone: 33.467.14.33.98. Fax: 33.467.14.42.86. E-mail: beaumel{at}univ-montp2.fr.

{dagger} Present address: Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.

Journal of Virology, November 2004, p. 12054-12057, Vol. 78, No. 21
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.21.12054-12057.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

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