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Journal of Virology, November 2004, p. 11939-11951, Vol. 78, No. 21
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.21.11939-11951.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Early Stage of Establishment of Persistent Sendai Virus Infection: Unstable Dynamic Phase and Then Selection of Viruses Which Are Tightly Cell Associated, Temperature Sensitive, and Capable of Establishing Persistent Infection

Morihiro Ito, Taijiro Takeuchi, Machiko Nishio, Mitsuo Kawano, Hiroshi Komada, Masato Tsurudome, and Yasuhiko Ito*

Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie Prefecture, Japan

Received 3 May 2004/ Accepted 23 June 2004

We obtained 157 cloned cell lines persistently infected with Sendai virus; these cell lines were generated independently of each other. Infectious viruses could be isolated from 123 of these cloned cell lines by inoculation of culture fluids or infected cells into embryonated eggs. The majority of the viruses carried by cells persistently infected with viruses showed high cytotoxicity and did not have the ability to establish persistent infection. The association of carried virus with cells became stronger and virus isolation correspondingly became more difficult as cells persistently infected with virus were subcultured. Viruses derived from virus-infected cells eventually acquired the ability to establish persistent infection, although the ways in which the viruses acquired this ability varied. The viruses also acquired temperature sensitivity as persistently infected cells were subcultured. First, the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and M proteins acquired temperature sensitivity, and then the polymerase(s) did so. The M proteins were localized in the nuclei of cells infected with cloned viruses that had the ability to establish persistent infection. Cells infected with viruses capable of establishing persistent infection showed no or slight staining by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling. Specific amino acid substitutions accumulated in the M protein and the L protein as virus-infected cells were subcultured. This study shows that there is an unstable dynamic phase at an early stage of the establishment of persistent Sendai virus infection (steady state), and then viruses capable of establishing persistent infection are selected.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-Shi, Mie Prefecture 514-8507, Japan. Phone: 81-59-231-5008. Fax: 81-59-231-5008. E-mail: ito{at}doc.medic.mie-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Virology, November 2004, p. 11939-11951, Vol. 78, No. 21
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.21.11939-11951.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Nishio, M., Tsurudome, M., Ito, M., Ito, Y. (2005). Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 4 Is Incapable of Evading the Interferon-Induced Antiviral Effect. J. Virol. 79: 14756-14768 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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