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Journal of Virology, October 2004, p. 10833-10836, Vol. 78, No. 19
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.19.10833-10836.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Activation by Inflammatory Stimuli Increases Neutrophil Binding of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Subsequent Infection of Lymphocytes

Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois

Received 4 February 2004/ Accepted 18 May 2004

Resting neutrophils bind human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and efficiently transfer infection to lymphocytes. The present study shows that a brief activation by inflammatory stimuli increases the neutrophil binding levels of both R5 and X4 isolates of HIV-1 at least twofold. The binding occurs independently of CD4, gp120, and incubation temperature and is observed with HIV-1 propagated either in lymphocytes or in HEK293 cells. Significantly, HIV-1 bound to the activated neutrophils accelerates the infection of activated lymphocytes compared to free HIV-1 or to HIV-1 bound to resting neutrophils. It is proposed that these events may contribute to the increased risk of HIV-1 transmission at sites of mucosal infection.

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