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Journal of Virology, October 2004, p. 10776-10782, Vol. 78, No. 19
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.19.10776-10782.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Cell Fusion Activities of Hantaan Virus Envelope Glycoproteins

Michiko Ogino,¹ Kumiko Yoshimatsu,¹ Hideki Ebihara,¹ Koichi Araki,² Byoung-Hee Lee,¹ Megumi Okumura,¹ and Jiro Arikawa^1*

Institute for Animal Experimentation, Graduate School of Medicine,¹ Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan²

Received 2 February 2004/ Accepted 18 May 2004

Hantaan virus (HTNV)-infected Vero E6 cells undergo cell fusion with both infected and uninfected cells under low-pH conditions. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy of HTNV-infected Vero E6 cells showed that envelope glycoproteins (GPs) were located both on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the G1 and G2 envelope GPs inhibited cell fusion, whereas nonneutralizing MAbs against G1 or G2 and MAbs against the nucleocapsid protein (NP) did not. Transfected Vero E6 cells that expressed GPs but not those that expressed NP fused and formed syncytia. These results indicate that HTNV GPs act as fusogens at the cell surface. No fusion activity was observed either in infected Vero cells that were passaged more than 150 times or in BHK-21 cells, although GPs appeared to localize to the cell surface. This variability in fusion induction suggests the involvement of host cell factors in the process of cell membrane fusion.

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* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute for Animal Experimentation, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan. Phone: 81-11-706-6905. Fax: 81-11-706-7879. E-mail: j_arika{at}med.hokudai.ac.jp.

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Journal of Virology, October 2004, p. 10776-10782, Vol. 78, No. 19
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.19.10776-10782.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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