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Journal of Virology, September 2004, p. 10193-10196, Vol. 78, No. 18
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.18.10193-10196.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Full Resistance of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Primary Human Cells to Alpha Interferon Requires both the Us11 and ₁34.5 Gene Products

Department of Microbiology and NYU Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016

Received 3 February 2004/ Accepted 26 April 2004

The ₁34.5 gene product is important for the resistance of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) to interferon. However, since the inhibition of protein synthesis observed in cells infected with a ₁34.5 mutant virus results from the combined loss of the ₁34.5 gene product and the failure to translate the late Us11 mRNA, we sought to characterize the relative interferon sensitivity of mutants unable to produce either the Us11 or the ₁34.5 polypeptide. We now demonstrate that primary human cells infected with a Us11 mutant virus are hypersensitive to alpha interferon, arresting translation upon entry into the late phase of the viral life cycle. Furthermore, immediate-early expression of Us11 by a ₁34.5 deletion mutant is sufficient to render translation resistant to alpha interferon. Finally, we establish that the Us11 gene product is required for wild-type levels of replication in alpha interferon-treated cells and, along with the ₁34.5 gene, is an HSV-1-encoded interferon resistance determinant.

For Bernard Roizman, il miglior fabbro, on the occasion of his 75th year.

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