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Journal of Virology, July 2004, p. 6786-6791, Vol. 78, No. 13
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.13.6786-6791.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

P74 Mediates Specific Binding of Autographa californica M Nucleopolyhedrovirus Occlusion-Derived Virus to Primary Cellular Targets in the Midgut Epithelia of Heliothis virescens Larvae

Eric J. Haas-Stapleton,{dagger} Jan O. Washburn, and Loy E. Volkman*

Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102

Received 5 December 2003/ Accepted 25 February 2004

P74, an envelope protein of the occlusion-derived virus (ODV) of Autographa californica M nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), is critical for oral infection of Trichoplusia ni larvae. The role of P74 during primary infection, however, is unknown. Here we provide evidence that P74 facilitates binding of AcMNPV ODV to a specific receptor within the larval midgut epithelia of another host species, Heliothis virescens. We adapted a fluorescence dequenching assay to compare binding, fusion, and competition of wild-type AcMNPV ODV in vivo with itself and with the ODV of a p74-deficient AcMNPV mutant. We found that relative to wild-type ODV, binding and fusion of ODV deficient in P74 were both qualitatively and quantitatively different. Unlike wild-type ODV, an excess of P74-deficient ODV failed to compete effectively with wild-type ODV binding, and the overall binding level of the mutant ODV was one-third that of the wild type. These results implicated P74 as an ODV attachment protein that binds to a specific receptor on primary target cells within the midgut.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, 251 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102. Phone: (510) 642-4500. Fax: (510) 642-4995. E-mail: lvolkman{at}nature.berkeley.edu.

{dagger} Present address: Department of Stomatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0422.

Journal of Virology, July 2004, p. 6786-6791, Vol. 78, No. 13
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.13.6786-6791.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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