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Journal of Virology, June 2004, p. 6282-6286, Vol. 78, No. 12
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.12.6282-6286.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Induction of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-3 by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Contributes to Inhibition of the Interferon Signaling Pathway

Shin-ichi Yokota,1 Noriko Yokosawa,1 Tamaki Okabayashi,1 Tatsuo Suzutani,2 Shunsuke Miura,3 Kowichi Jimbow,3 and Nobuhiro Fujii1*

Department of Microbiology,1 Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556,3 Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan2

Received 26 November 2003/ Accepted 5 February 2004

We showed previously that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) suppresses the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway during the early infection stage in the human amnion cell line FL. HSV-1 inhibits the IFN-induced phosphorylation of Janus kinases (JAK) in infected FL cells. In the present study, we showed that the suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3), a host negative regulator of the JAK/STAT pathway, is rapidly induced in FL cells after HSV-1 infection. Maximal levels of SOCS3 protein were detected at around 1 to 2 h after infection. This is consistent with the occurrence of HSV-1-mediated inhibition of IFN-induced JAK phosphorylation. The HSV-1 wild-type strain VR3 induced SOCS3 more efficiently than did mutants that are defective in UL41 or UL13 and that are hyperresponsive to IFN. Induction of the IRF-7 protein and transcriptional activation of IFN-{alpha}4, which occur in a JAK/STAT pathway-dependent manner, were poorly induced by VR3 but efficiently induced by the mutant viruses. In contrast, phosphorylation of IRF-3 and transcriptional activation of IFN-ß, which are JAK/STAT pathway-independent process, were equally well induced by the wild-type strain and the mutants. In conclusion, the SOCS3 protein appears to be mainly responsible for the suppression of IFN signaling and IFN production that occurs during HSV-1 infection.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan. Phone: 81-11-611-2111. Fax: 81-11-612-5861. E-mail: fujii{at}sapmed.ac.jp.


Journal of Virology, June 2004, p. 6282-6286, Vol. 78, No. 12
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.12.6282-6286.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.




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