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Journal of Virology, June 2004, p. 6112-6121, Vol. 78, No. 12
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.12.6112-6121.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Characterization of the Polymerase and RNase H Activities of Human Foamy Virus Reverse Transcriptase

Paul L. Boyer,1 Carolyn R. Stenbak,2,3 Patrick K. Clark,4 Maxine L. Linial,2,3 and Stephen H. Hughes1*

HIV Drug Resistance Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick,1 Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702,4 Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109,2 Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 981953

Received 19 August 2003/ Accepted 18 February 2004

Foamy virus (FV) replication, while related to that of orthoretroviruses, differs at a number of steps. Several of these differences involve the reverse transcriptase (RT). There appear to be fewer RTs present in FV than in orthoretroviruses; we previously proposed that the polymerase of FV RT was more active than orthoretroviral RTs to compensate for the numerical difference. Here we present further characterization of the RT of FV. The polymerase activity of FV RT was greater than that of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RT in a variety of assays. We also examined the RNase H activity of FV RT, and we propose that FV RT has a basic loop in the RNase H domain. Although the sequence of the basic loop of FV RT is different from the basic loop of either Moloney leukemia virus RNase H or Escherichia coli RNase H, the FV RT basic loop appears to have a similar function.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute-FCRDC, P.O. Box B, Building 539, Room 130A, Frederick, MD 21702-1201. Phone: (301) 846-1619. Fax: (301) 846-6966. E-mail: hughes{at}ncifcrf.gov.

Journal of Virology, June 2004, p. 6112-6121, Vol. 78, No. 12
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.12.6112-6121.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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