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Journal of Virology, May 2004, p. 5133-5138, Vol. 78, No. 10
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.10.5133-5138.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Accumulation of a 3'-Terminal Genome Fragment in Japanese Encephalitis Virus-Infected Mammalian and Mosquito Cells

Kuo-Chih Lin, Huei-Lan Chang, and Ruey-Yi Chang*

Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China

Received 11 September 2003/ Accepted 9 January 2004

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) contains a single positive-strand RNA genome nearly 11 kb in length and is not formally thought to generate subgenomic RNA molecules during replication. Here, we report the abundant accumulation of a 3'-terminal 521- to 523-nucleotide (nt) genome fragment, representing a major portion of the 585-nt 3' untranslated region, in both mammalian (BHK-21) and mosquito (C6/36) cells infected with any of nine strains of JEV. In BHK-21 cells, the viral genome was detected as early as 24 h postinfection, the small RNA was detected as early as 28 h postinfection, and the small RNA was 0.25 to 1.5 times as abundant as the genome on a molar basis between 28 and 48 h postinfection. In C6/36 cells, the genome and small RNA were present 5 days postinfection and the small RNA was 1.25 to 5.14 times as abundant as the genome. The 3'-terminal 523-nt small RNA contains a 5'-proximal stable hairpin (nt 6 to 56) that may play a role in its formation and the conserved flavivirus 3'-cyclization motif (nt 413 to 420) and the 3'-terminal long stable hairpin structure (nt 440 to 523) that have postulated roles in genome replication. Abundant accumulation of the small RNA during viral replication in both mammalian and mosquito cells suggests that it may play a biological role, perhaps as a regulator of RNA synthesis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: No. 1, Section 2, University Rd., Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan, Republic of China. Phone: 886-3-863-0386. Fax: 886-3-863-3630. E-mail: rchang{at}mail.ndhu.edu.tw.

Journal of Virology, May 2004, p. 5133-5138, Vol. 78, No. 10
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.10.5133-5138.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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