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Journal of Virology, November 2003, p. 12011-12021, Vol. 77, No. 22
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.22.12011-12021.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

G541R within the 4070A TM Protein Regulates Fusion in Murine Leukemia Viruses

Lucille O'Reilly and Monica J. Roth*

Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854

Received 1 July 2003/ Accepted 6 August 2003

The mutation G541R within the ectodomain of TM was isolated in three independent chimeric enveloped murine leukemia virus (MuLV) viral populations originally impaired in viral passage and in wild-type 4070A. Isolation of G541R in multiple populations suggested it played a critical role in viral envelope function. Using a viral vector system, the observed effects of the G541R mutation within MuLV envelope proteins were pleiotropic and included effects on the regulation of SU-TM interactions and membrane fusion. G541R suppresses enhanced cell-cell fusion events attributable to the absence of the R-peptide yet does not adversely affect virus titers. The ability to suppress cell-cell fusion is dependent on the presence of the C terminus of the amphotropic 4070A SU protein. Within the wild-type 4070A envelope background, the mutation results in a decreased level of Env at the cell surface that is mirrored in the virion. The TM mutation alters recognition of the SU C terminus by a monoclonal antibody, suggestive of an altered conformation. The presence of G541R allowed the virus to achieve a balance between cytopathogenicity and replication and restored productive viral entry.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, 675 Hoes Ln., Piscataway, NJ 08854. Phone: (732) 235-5048. Fax: (732) 235-4783. E-mail: Roth{at}waksman.rutgers.edu.

Journal of Virology, November 2003, p. 12011-12021, Vol. 77, No. 22
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.22.12011-12021.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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