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Journal of Virology, January 2003, p. 1598-1603, Vol. 77, No. 2
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.2.1598-1603.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Cofactors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 cDNA Integration In Vitro

Kui Gao,1 Robert J. Gorelick,2 Donald G. Johnson,2 and Frederic Bushman1*

Infectious Disease Laboratory, The Salk Institute, La Jolla, California 92037,1 AIDS Vaccine Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 217022

Received 17 May 2002/ Accepted 27 September 2002

We have investigated the function of two DNA binding proteins that stimulate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cDNA integration in vitro, the cellular HMGa1 protein and the viral nucleocapsid (NC) protein. Of the three forms of NC (NCp7, NCp9, and NCp15), we find that NCp9 is the most effective at increasing integration in vitro; thus, processing of NC may potentially modulate its activities during infection. We also found that maximal stimulation by NCp9 required roughly enough NC to coat the reactant DNAs whereas less HMGa1 was required, and the reactions displayed different optima for divalent metal cofactors and order of addition. These findings reveal probable distinct mechanisms of action in vitro.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Infectious Disease Laboratory, The Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037. Phone: (858) 453-4100. Fax: (858) 554-0341. E-mail: bushman{at}salk.edu.

Journal of Virology, January 2003, p. 1598-1603, Vol. 77, No. 2
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.2.1598-1603.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Roldan, A., Warren, O. U., Russell, R. S., Liang, C., Wainberg, M. A. (2005). A HIV-1 Minimal Gag Protein Is Superior to Nucleocapsid at in Vitro Annealing and Exhibits Multimerization-induced Inhibition of Reverse Transcription. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 17488-17496 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Buckman, J. S., Bosche, W. J., Gorelick, R. J. (2002). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nucleocapsid Zn2+ Fingers Are Required for Efficient Reverse Transcription, Initial Integration Processes, and Protection of Newly Synthesized Viral DNA. J. Virol. 77: 1469-1480 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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