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Journal of Virology, January 2003, p. 1084-1091, Vol. 77, No. 2
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.2.1084-1091.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Nonneutralizing Antibodies to the CD4-Binding Site on the gp120 Subunit of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Do Not Interfere with the Activity of a Neutralizing Antibody against the Same Site

Carolina Herrera,1 Catherine Spenlehauer,1,{dagger} Michael S. Fung,2 Dennis R. Burton,3 Simon Beddows,1 and John P. Moore1*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York,1 Tanox, Inc., Houston, Texas,2 Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California3

Received 1 August 2002/ Accepted 16 October 2002

We have investigated whether nonneutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the gp120 subunit of the envelope glycoprotein (Env) complex of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can interfere with HIV-1 neutralization by another anti-gp120 MAb. We used neutralizing (b12) and nonneutralizing (205-42-15, 204-43-1, 205-46-9) MAbs to the epitope cluster overlapping the CD4-binding site (CD4BS) on gp120. All the MAbs, neutralizing or otherwise, cross-competed for binding to monomeric gp120, indicating the close topological proximity of their epitopes. However, the nonneutralizing CD4BS MAbs did not interfere with the neutralization activity of MAb b12. In contrast, in a binding assay using oligomeric Env expressed on the surface of Env-transfected cells, the nonneutralizing MAbs did partially compete with b12 for Env binding. The surface of Env-transfected cells contains two categories of binding site for CD4BS MAbs. One type of site is recognized by both b12 and nonneutralizing CD4BS MAbs; the other is recognized by only b12. Binding assays for Env-gp120 interactions based on the use of monomeric gp120 or Env-transfected cells do not predict the outcome of HIV-1 neutralization assays, and they should therefore be used only with caution when gauging the properties of anti-Env MAbs.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Ave., W-805, New York, NY 10021. Phone: (212) 746-4462. Fax: (212) 746-8340. E-mail: jpm2003{at}mail.med.cornell.edu.

{dagger} Present address: U.P.R. 9003 du CNRS, École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, 67400 Ilkirch-Graffenstaden, France.

Journal of Virology, January 2003, p. 1084-1091, Vol. 77, No. 2
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.2.1084-1091.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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