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Hepatitis C Virus-Like Particle Budding: Role of the Core Protein and Importance of Its Asp¹¹¹

Laboratoire de Virologie,¹ Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine et Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Tours,² Institut Inter Régional de la Santé, La Riche, France³

Received 8 May 2003/ Accepted 25 June 2003

In the absence of a hepatitis C virus (HCV) culture system, the use of a Semliki Forest virus replicon expressing genes encoding HCV structural proteins that assemble into HCV-like particles provides an opportunity to study HCV morphogenesis. Using this system, we showed that the HCV core protein constitutes the budding apparatus of the virus and that its targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum by means of the signal sequence of E1 protein is essential for budding. In addition, the aspartic acid at position 111 in the HCV core protein sequence was found to be crucial for virus assembly, demonstrating the usefulness of this system for mapping amino acids critical to HCV morphogenesis.

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