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High Circulating Frequencies of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha- and Interleukin-2-Secreting Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1)-Specific CD4⁺ T Cells in Patients with HTLV-1-Associated Neurological Disease

Peter K. C. Goon,¹ Tadahiko Igakura,^1, Emmanuel Hanon,¹ Angelina J. Mosley,¹ Becca Asquith,¹ Keith G. Gould,¹ Graham P. Taylor,^2, Jonathan N. Weber,² and Charles R. M. Bangham^1*

Department of Immunology,¹ Genito-Urinary Medicine and Communicable Diseases, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom²

Received 31 March 2003/ Accepted 4 June 2003

Significantly higher frequencies of tumor necrosis factor alpha- and interleukin-2-secreting human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-specific CD4⁺ T cells were present in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patients than in those of asymptomatic carriers with similar provirus loads. The data suggest that HTLV-1-specific CD4⁺ T cells play a role in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP.

Present address: Pearl-Land Hospital, Kagoshima 891-1205, Japan.

Present address: GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, B-1330 Rixensart, Belgium.

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