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Journal of Virology, September 2003, p. 9369-9377, Vol. 77, No. 17
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.17.9369-9377.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Passive Immunization with Neutralizing Antibodies Interrupts the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Life Cycle

M. Mpandi,1 L. A. Otten,2 C. Lavanchy,2 H. Acha-Orbea,2,3 and D. Finke1

Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research,1 Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne,2 Lausanne Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland3

Received 27 February 2003/ Accepted 6 June 2003

Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) infects the host via mucosal surfaces and exploits the host immune system for systemic spread and chronic infection. We have tested a neutralizing rat monoclonal antibody specific for the retroviral envelope glycoprotein gp52 for its efficiency in preventing acute and chronic mucosal and systemic infection. The antibody completely inhibits the superantigen response and chronic viral infection following systemic or nasal infection. Surprisingly however, the antibody only partially inhibits the early infection of antigen-presenting cells in the draining lymph node. Despite this initially inefficient protection from infection, superantigen-specific B- and T-cell responses and systemic viral spread are abolished, leading to complete clearance of the retroviral infection and hence interruption of the viral life cycle. In conclusion, systemic neutralizing monoclonal antibodies can provide an efficient protection against chronic retroviral amplification and persistence.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Ch. des Boveresses 155, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland. Phone: 41 21 692 5843. Fax: 41 21 652 5033. E-mail: dfinke{at}isrec.unil.ch.

Journal of Virology, September 2003, p. 9369-9377, Vol. 77, No. 17
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.17.9369-9377.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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