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Journal of Virology, September 2003, p. 9305-9311, Vol. 77, No. 17
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.17.9305-9311.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Rotavirus Infection Stimulates the Cl- Reabsorption Process across the Intestinal Brush-Border Membrane of Young Rabbits

Mathie Lorrot, Sandra Martin, and Monique Vasseur*

Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 510, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris XI, 92296 ChÂtenay-Malabry, France

Received 13 March 2003/ Accepted 13 June 2003

Rotavirus is a major cause of infantile gastroenteritis worldwide. However, the mechanisms underlying fluid and electrolyte secretion associated with diarrhea remain largely unknown. We investigated the hypothesis that loss of Cl- into the luminal contents during rotavirus infection may be caused by a dysfunction in the chloride absorptive capacity across the intestinal brush-border membrane (BBM). The luminal Cl- concentrations in the entire small intestine of young rabbits infected with lapine rotavirus decreased at 1 and 2 days postinfection (dpi), indicating net Cl- absorption. At 7 dpi, luminal Cl- concentrations were slightly increased, indicating a moderate net Cl- secretion. By using a rapid filtration technique, 36Cl uptake across BBM was quantified by modulating the alkali-metal ion, electrical, chloride, and/or proton gradients. Rotavirus infection caused an identical, 127% ± 24% increase in all Cl- uptake activities (Cl-/H+ symport, Cl- conductance, and Cl-/anion exchange) observed across the intestinal BBM. The rotavirus activating effects on the symporter started at 1 dpi and persisted up to 7 dpi. Kinetic analyses revealed that rotavirus selectively affected the capacity parameter characterizing the symporter. We report the novel observation that rotavirus infection stimulated the Cl- reabsorption process across the intestinal BBM. We propose that the massive Cl- reabsorption in villi could partly overwhelm chloride secretion in crypt cells, which possibly increases during rotavirus diarrhea, the resulting imbalance leading to a moderate net chloride secretion.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Unité 510, INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris XI, 5, rue J.-B. Clément, 92296 ChÂtenay-Malabry, France. Phone: (33 1) 46 83 57 96. Fax: (33 1) 46 83 58 44. E-mail: monique.vasseur{at}cep.u-psud.fr.

Journal of Virology, September 2003, p. 9305-9311, Vol. 77, No. 17
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.17.9305-9311.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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