This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Jensen, P. V. Articles by Aasted, B. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Jensen, P. V. Articles by Aasted, B.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, July 2003, p. 7444-7451, Vol. 77, No. 13
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.13.7444-7451.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Cytokine Profiles in Adult Mink Infected with Aleutian Mink Disease Parvovirus

Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark

Received 7 November 2002/ Accepted 3 April 2003

The aim of this study was to examine the levels of gamma interferon (IFN-)-, interleukin 4 (IL-4)-, and IL-8-producing cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from mink infected with the Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV). As expected, ADV-infected mink developed high plasma gamma globulin values (hypergammaglobulinemia) and enhanced quantities of CD8-positive (CD8⁺) cells in the blood during the infection. We quantified the percentages of IFN-- and IL-4-positive lymphocytes and IL-8-positive monocytes up to week 38 after virus challenge. The results clearly indicated marked increases in the percentages of IFN-- and IL-4-producing lymphocytes during ADV infection. The total number of IL-8-producing monocytes in the blood of ADV-infected mink stayed fairly constant during the infection. In order to characterize the phenotype of the cytokine-producing cells, we performed double-labeling fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) experiments with CD8 surface labeling in one channel and cytokine intracellular staining in the other. We found that most IFN- and IL-4 in ADV-infected mink was produced by CD8⁺ cells, while in the uninfected mink, these cytokines were primarily produced by a cell type that was not CD8 (possibly CD4-positive cells). We also observed that IL-8 was almost exclusively produced by monocytes. All of the above findings led us to conclude that both Th1- and Th2-driven immune functions are found in mink plasmacytosis.