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Journal of Virology, July 2003, p. 7444-7451, Vol. 77, No. 13
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.13.7444-7451.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Cytokine Profiles in Adult Mink Infected with Aleutian Mink Disease Parvovirus

P. V. Jensen, Y. Castelruiz, and B. Aasted*

Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark

Received 7 November 2002/ Accepted 3 April 2003

The aim of this study was to examine the levels of gamma interferon (IFN-{gamma})-, interleukin 4 (IL-4)-, and IL-8-producing cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from mink infected with the Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV). As expected, ADV-infected mink developed high plasma gamma globulin values (hypergammaglobulinemia) and enhanced quantities of CD8-positive (CD8+) cells in the blood during the infection. We quantified the percentages of IFN-{gamma}- and IL-4-positive lymphocytes and IL-8-positive monocytes up to week 38 after virus challenge. The results clearly indicated marked increases in the percentages of IFN-{gamma}- and IL-4-producing lymphocytes during ADV infection. The total number of IL-8-producing monocytes in the blood of ADV-infected mink stayed fairly constant during the infection. In order to characterize the phenotype of the cytokine-producing cells, we performed double-labeling fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) experiments with CD8 surface labeling in one channel and cytokine intracellular staining in the other. We found that most IFN-{gamma} and IL-4 in ADV-infected mink was produced by CD8+ cells, while in the uninfected mink, these cytokines were primarily produced by a cell type that was not CD8 (possibly CD4-positive cells). We also observed that IL-8 was almost exclusively produced by monocytes. All of the above findings led us to conclude that both Th1- and Th2-driven immune functions are found in mink plasmacytosis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Stigbøjlen 7, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark. Phone: 45 35282727. Fax: 45 35282742. E-mail: bas{at}kvl.dk.

Journal of Virology, July 2003, p. 7444-7451, Vol. 77, No. 13
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.13.7444-7451.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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