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Induction of Broad and Potent Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Immune Responses in Rhesus Macaques by Priming with a DNA Vaccine and Boosting with Protein-Adsorbed Polylactide Coglycolide Microparticles

Gillis Otten,^* Mary Schaefer, Catherine Greer, Maria Calderon-Cacia, Doris Coit, Jina Kazzaz, Angelica Medina-Selby, Mark Selby, Manmohan Singh, Mildred Ugozzoli, Jan zur Megede, Susan W. Barnett, Derek O'Hagan, John Donnelly, and Jeffrey Ulmer

Vaccines Research, Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608

Received 26 June 2002/ Accepted 29 January 2003

Several vaccine technologies were evaluated for their abilities to induce anti-human immunodeficiency virus Gag immune responses in rhesus macaques. While no vaccine alone was able to induce broad and strong immune responses, these were achieved by priming with Gag DNA and boosting with Gag protein adsorbed to polylactide coglycolide microparticles. This regimen elicited strong antibodies, helper T cells, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes and thus holds promise as an effective vaccination scheme.

Present address: Medarex, Milpitas, CA 95035.

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