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Journal of Virology, April 2002, p. 4138-4144, Vol. 76, No. 8
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.8.4138-4144.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Intrinsic Stability of Episomal Circles Formed during Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication

Theodore C. Pierson,1 Tara L. Kieffer,1 Christian T. Ruff,1 Christopher Buck,1 Stephen J. Gange,2 and Robert F. Siliciano1*

Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,1 Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 212052

Received 9 August 2001/ Accepted 11 January 2002

The development of surrogate markers capable of detecting residual ongoing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy is an important step in understanding viral dynamics and in developing new treatment strategies. In this study, we evaluated the utility of circular forms of the viral genome for the detection of recent infection of cells by HIV-1. We measured the fate of both one-long terminal repeat (1-LTR) and 2-LTR circles following in vitro infection of logarithmically growing CD4+ T cells under conditions in which cell death was not a significant contributing factor. Circular forms of the viral genome were found to be highly stable and to decrease in concentration only as a function of dilution resulting from cell division. We conclude that these DNA circles are not intrinsically unstable in all cell types and suggest that the utility of 2-LTR circle assays in measuring recent HIV-1 infection of susceptible cells in vivo needs to be reevaluated.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medicine, 1049 Ross Building, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave., Baltimore, MD 21205. Phone: (410) 955-2958. Fax: (410) 955-0964. E-mail: rsilicia{at}welch.jhu.edu.

Journal of Virology, April 2002, p. 4138-4144, Vol. 76, No. 8
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.8.4138-4144.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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