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Journal of Virology, April 2002, p. 3791-3799, Vol. 76, No. 8
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.8.3791-3799.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Kunjin Virus Replicon Vaccine Vectors Induce Protective CD8⁺ T-Cell Immunity

Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Royal Children's Hospital,¹ Clinical Medical Virology Centre, University of Queensland,² The Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health and Nutrition, Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia³

Received 23 October 2001/ Accepted 22 January 2002

The ability of self-replicating RNA (replicon) vaccine vectors derived from the Australian flavivirus Kunjin (KUN) to induce protective ß CD8⁺ T-cell responses was examined. KUN replicons encoding a model immunogen were delivered by three different vaccine modalities: (i) as naked RNA transcribed in vitro, (ii) as plasmid DNA constructed to allow in vivo transcription of replicon RNA by cellular RNA polymerase II (DNA based), and (iii) as replicon RNA encapsidated into virus-like particles. A single immunization with any of these KUN replicon vaccines induced CD8⁺ T-cell responses at levels comparable to those induced by recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the same immunogen. Immunization with only 0.1 µg of DNA-based KUN replicons elicited CD8⁺ T-cell responses similar to those seen after immunization with 100 µg of a conventional DNA vaccine. Naked RNA immunization with KUN replicons also protected mice against challenges with recombinant vaccinia virus and B16 tumor cells. These results demonstrate the value of KUN replicon vectors for inducing protective antiviral and anticancer CD8⁺ T-cell responses.

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