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Journal of Virology, March 2002, p. 2817-2826, Vol. 76, No. 6
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.6.2817-2826.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection: Intraindividual Comparison of Cellular Immune Responses against Two Persistent Viruses

Georg M. Lauer,1,2 Tam N. Nguyen,1,2 Cheryl L. Day,1,2 Gregory K. Robbins,1,2 Theresa Flynn,1,2 Katherine McGowan,3 Eric S. Rosenberg,1,2 Michaela Lucas,4 Paul Klenerman,4 Raymond T. Chung,5 and Bruce D. Walker1,2*

Partners AIDS Research Center,1 Infectious Disease Division,2 Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114,5 Infectious Disease Unit, Lemuel Shattuck and Faulkner Hospital, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts 02130,3 Nuffield Dept. of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom4

Received 27 August 2001/ Accepted 20 December 2001

Both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) lead to chronic infection in a high percentage of persons, and an expanding epidemic of HIV-1-HCV coinfection has recently been identified. These individuals provide an opportunity for simultaneous assessment of immune responses to two viral infections associated with chronic plasma viremia. In this study we analyzed the breadth and magnitude of the CD8+- and CD4+-T-lymphocyte responses in 22 individuals infected with both HIV-1 and HCV. A CD8+-T-lymphocyte response against HIV-1 was readily detected in all subjects over a broad range of viral loads. In marked contrast, HCV-specific CD8+-T-lymphocyte responses were rarely detected, despite viral loads in plasma that were on average 1,000-fold higher. The few HCV-specific responses that were observed were relatively weak and limited in breadth. CD4-proliferative responses against HIV-1 were detected in about half of the coinfected subjects tested, but no proliferative response against any HCV protein was found in these coinfected persons. These data demonstrate a major discordance in immune responses to two persistent RNA viruses. In addition, they show a consistent and profound impairment in cellular immune responses to HCV compared to HIV-1 in HIV-1-HCV-coinfected persons.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital East, 149 13th St., Charlestown, MA 02129. Phone: (617) 724-8332. Fax: (617) 726-4691. E-mail: bwalker{at}helix.mgh.harvard.edu.

Journal of Virology, March 2002, p. 2817-2826, Vol. 76, No. 6
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.6.2817-2826.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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