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Journal of Virology, November 2002, p. 11236-11244, Vol. 76, No. 22
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.22.11236-11244.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Mandelic Acid Condensation Polymer: Novel Candidate Microbicide for Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Herpes Simplex Virus Entry

B. C. Herold,1* I. Scordi-Bello,2 N. Cheshenko,1 D. Marcellino,1 M. Dzuzelewski,2 F. Francois,2 R. Morin,2 V. Mas Casullo,1 R. A. Anderson,3 C. Chany II,4 D. P. Waller,4 L. J. D. Zaneveld,3 and M. E. Klotman2

Departments of Pediatrics,1 Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rush University,3 Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois4

Received 29 March 2002/ Accepted 5 August 2002

Presently marketed vaginal barrier methods are cytotoxic and damaging to the vaginal epithelium and natural vaginal flora when used frequently. Novel noncytotoxic agents are needed to protect men and women from sexually transmitted diseases. One novel candidate is a mandelic acid condensation polymer, designated SAMMA. The spectrum and mechanism of antiviral activity were explored using clinical isolates and laboratory-adapted strains of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV). SAMMA is highly effective against all CCR5 and CXCR4 isolates of HIV in primary human macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. SAMMA also inhibits infection of cervical epithelial cells by HSV. Moreover, it exhibits little or no cytotoxicity and has an excellent selectivity index. SAMMA, although not a sulfonated or sulfated polymer, blocks the binding of HIV and HSV to cells by targeting the envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gB-2, respectively, and also inhibits HSV entry postattachment. SAMMA is an excellent, structurally novel candidate microbicide that warrants further preclinical evaluation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Box 1657, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Pl., New York, NY 10029. Phone: (212) 241-6930. Fax: (212) 426-4813. E-mail: betsy.herold{at}mssm.edu.

Journal of Virology, November 2002, p. 11236-11244, Vol. 76, No. 22
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.22.11236-11244.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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