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Journal of Virology, October 2002, p. 10569-10576, Vol. 76, No. 20
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.20.10569-10576.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Phosphorylation of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Nucleocapsid Protein

Sarah K. Wootton,1 Raymond R. R. Rowland,2 and Dongwan Yoo1*

Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada,1 Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-56012

Received 14 May 2002/ Accepted 10 July 2002

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a cytoplasmic RNA virus with the unique or unusual feature of having a nucleocapsid (N) protein that is specifically transported to the nucleolus of virus-infected cells. In this communication, we show that the N protein is a phosphoprotein. Phosphoamino acid analysis of authentic and recombinant N proteins demonstrated that serine residues were exclusively phosphorylated. The pattern of phosphorylated N protein cellular distribution in comparison with that of [35S]methionine-labeled N protein suggested that phosphorylation does not influence subcellular localization of the protein. Time course studies showed that phosphorylation occurred during, or shortly after, synthesis of the N protein and that the protein remained stably phosphorylated throughout the life cycle of the virus to the extent that phosphorylated N protein was found in the mature virion. Two-dimensional electrophoresis and acid-urea gel electrophoresis showed that one species of the N protein is predominant in virus-infected cells, suggesting that multiple phosphorylated isoforms of N do not exist.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada. Phone: (519) 824-4120, ext. 4729. Fax: (519) 767-0809. E-mail: dyoo{at}uoguelph.ca.

Journal of Virology, October 2002, p. 10569-10576, Vol. 76, No. 20
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.20.10569-10576.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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