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Journal of Virology, October 2002, p. 10338-10345, Vol. 76, No. 20
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.20.10338-10345.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Phenotypic and Functional Alterations of Dendritic Cells Induced by Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection

Miki Kakimoto, Atsuhiko Hasegawa, Shigeru Fujita, and Masaki Yasukawa*

First Department of Internal Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shigenobu, Ehime 791-0295, Japan

Received 19 February 2002/ Accepted 12 July 2002

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) has a tropism for T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages, suggesting that HHV-6 infection affects the immunosurveillance system. In the present study, we investigated the HHV-6-induced phenotypic and functional alterations of dendritic cells (DCs), which are professional antigen-presenting cells. HHV-6 infection of monocyte-derived immature DCs appeared to induce the up-regulation of CD80, CD83, CD86, and HLA class I and class II molecules, suggesting that HHV-6 infection induces the maturation of DCs. In addition, the antigen capture capacity of DCs was found to decrease following infection with HHV-6. In contrast to up-regulation of mature-DC-associated surface molecules on HHV-6-infected DCs, their capacity for presentation of alloantigens and exogenous virus antigens to T lymphocytes decreased significantly from that of uninfected DCs. In contrast, there appeared to be no reduction in the capacity for presentation of an HLA class II-binding peptide to the peptide-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes. These data indicate that HHV-6 infection induces phenotypic alterations and impairs the antigen presentation capacity of DCs. The present data also suggest that the dysfunction of HHV-6-infected DCs is attributable mainly to impairment of the antigen capture and intracellular antigen-processing pathways.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: First Department of Internal Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shigenobu, Ehime 791-0295, Japan. Phone: 81-89-960-5296. Fax: 81-89-960-5299. E-mail: yasukawa{at}m.ehime-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Virology, October 2002, p. 10338-10345, Vol. 76, No. 20
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.20.10338-10345.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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